Clams are bivalve molluscs, which burrows into the substratum with the help of a well-developed foot. Among the exploited bivalve resources of India, clams are by far the most widely distributed and abundant. The clams form subsistence fisheries all along the Indian coast. Clam fishing plays an important role in the economy of the coastal fishing villages. Clam meat is nutritious and is a cheap source of protein rich seafood. Clam culture is practiced in several countries and in India it is yet to take off on commercial lines. There is growing interest in several tropical countries to develop clam culture on scientific lines.